Nor is this to say that his influence may not be discerned after 1522-for it can. This is not to say that he did not play a crucial role in the continuing course of events-for he did. Nevertheless, it is undeniable that Luther’s significance as a public figure began to decline after 1522. In accordance with his notion of “making haste slowly,” he managed to control the course of reform in Wittenberg, where his influence continued to be strong. He did not believe that change should occur hurriedly. Luther’s attitude toward these developments was conservative. By March 1522, when Luther returned to Wittenberg, the effort to put reform into practice had generated riots and popular protests that threatened to undermine law and order. Although Roman Catholic rulers sought determinedly to suppress Luther and his followers, within two years it had become obvious that the movement for reform was too strong. Controversies after the Diet of WormsĪttempts to carry out the Edict of Worms were largely unsuccessful. Love literature? This quiz sorts out the truth about beloved authors and stories, old and new. During this period few people knew of Luther’s whereabouts most thought he was dead. Meanwhile, on his journey back to Wittenberg, Luther was “kidnapped” by soldiers of Frederick and taken secretly to Wartburg Castle, near the town of Eisenach, where he remained in hiding for the better part of a year. Its claim to represent the “unanimous consent of the estates” was plainly incorrect, since by the end of May most of the rulers had long since left Worms. It was enormously important, however, that doubts about the propriety of the edict were voiced at once. Thus, the causa Lutheri was considered closed. The document enumerated Luther’s errors along the lines of Exsurge Domine, declared Luther and his followers (some of whom were identified by name) to be political outlaws, and ordered his writings to be burned. On May 25, after the elector Joachim Brandenburg assured the emperor of the support of the few rulers who remained in Worms, Charles signed the edict against Luther. Charles undertook one more unsuccessful effort to obtain the support of the estates, which continued to fear that Luther’s condemnation would incite rebellion among the commoners.
On April 26 Luther hurriedly left Worms, and on May 8 Charles drew up an edict against him. But behind that stood the charge that Luther, a single individual, presumed to challenge 1,500 years of Christian theological consensus. Although every effort was made to induce Luther to recant, in the end the discussions failed over his refusal to repudiate a single sentence from the 41 cited in the papal bull. Amen.”įollowing his appearance, Luther participated in intense discussions involving representatives of the emperor, Aleandro, and the Saxon elector Frederick. According to a traditional but apocryphal account, he ended his statement with the words, “Here I stand. Otherwise, he stated, his conscience was bound by the Word of God. He refused to repudiate his works unless convinced of error by Scripture or by reason. The following day Luther admitted that he had used inappropriate language but declared that he could not and would not recant the substance of his writings. He briefly acknowledged the books but requested time to ponder his second answer, which was granted. He was informed that he had been called to the meeting to acknowledge as his own the books that had been published in his name and to repudiate them. Luther appeared before the Diet of Worms on April 17, 1521. SpaceNext50 Britannica presents SpaceNext50, From the race to the Moon to space stewardship, we explore a wide range of subjects that feed our curiosity about space!.Learn about the major environmental problems facing our planet and what can be done about them! Saving Earth Britannica Presents Earth’s To-Do List for the 21st Century.Britannica Beyond We’ve created a new place where questions are at the center of learning.100 Women Britannica celebrates the centennial of the Nineteenth Amendment, highlighting suffragists and history-making politicians.
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